20211216 Explanation of (1) ātmārāma, (2) muni, (3) nirgrantha, and (4) urukrama
Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya Book Compilation
The following is a Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya Book Compilation given by His Holiness Jayapatākā Swami Mahārāja on 16th December 2021 in Śrīdhāma Māyāpur, India
mūkaṁ karoti vācālaṁ paṅguṁ laṅghayate girim
yat-kṛpā tam ahaṁ vande śrī-guruṁ dīna-tāraṇam
paramānandaṁ mādhavaṁ śrī caitanya iśvaram
Hariḥ oṁ tat sat!
Hare Kṛṣṇa! Dear Devotees! Today is the compilation of Caitanya līlā book, the chapter today is entitled:
Explanation of (1) ātmārāma, (2) muni, (3) nirgrantha, and (4) urukrama
Under the section: The Sixty-One Explanations of the Ātmārāma Verse
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.1
“ātmārāmāśca”-śloke kutarkahara gaurera āśīryācñā:—
ātmārāmeti padyārkasy-
ārthāṁśūn yaḥ prakāśayan
jagat-tamo jahārāvyāt
sa caitanyodayācalaḥ
Translation: All glories to Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, who acted as the eastern horizon where the sun of the ātmārāma verse rose. He manifested its rays in the form of different meanings and thus eradicated the darkness of the material world. May He protect the universe.
Jayapatākā Swami: The incarnation Lord Kṛṣṇa as Lord Caitanya came particularly to give the world special mercy, by following His footsteps, by taking shelter at His lotus feet one can dissipate all the darkness or ignorance.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.3
sanātanera prabhupade prārthanā:—
tabe sanātana prabhura caraṇe dhariyā
punarapi kahe kichu vinaya kariyā
Translation: Thereafter, Sanātana Gosvāmī clasped the lotus feet of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu and humbly submitted the following petition.
Jayapatākā Swami: Taking shelter of the lotus feet of Lord Caitanya is specially auspicious and Sanātana Gosvāmī took this advantage.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.4
pūrve sārvabhauma-samīpe varṇita “ātmārāmāśca” ślokera 18 prakāra vyākhyā śunite abhilāṣa:—
‘pūrve śuniyāchoṅ, tumi sārvabhauma-sthāne
eka śloke āṭhāra artha kairācha vyākhyāne
Translation: Sanātana Gosvāmī said, “My Lord, I have heard that previously, at the home of Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya, You explained the ātmārāma verse in eighteen different ways.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.5
Śrīmad-Bhāgavata (1.7.10)—
ātmārāmāś ca munayo
nirgranthā apy urukrame kurvanty ahaitukīṁ bhaktim
ittham-bhūta-guṇo hariḥ
Translation: “Those who are self-satisfied and unattracted by external material desires are also attracted to the loving service of Śrī Kṛṣṇa, whose qualities are transcendental and whose activities are wonderful. Hari, the Personality of Godhead, is called Kṛṣṇa because He has such transcendentally attractive features.’
Purport: by His Divine Grace Srila Prabhupāda This is the famous ātmārāma verse from Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (1.7.10).
Jayapatākā Swami: Meaning of Kṛṣṇa is 'all attractive’, ‘the reservoir of all pleasure’, so this is the reason why Kṛṣṇa is still attractive to all the people who are otherwise not attracted by material desires, as Kṛṣṇa is all attractive including transcendental qualities
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.6
āścarya śuniyā mora utkaṇṭhita mana
kṛpā kari’ kaha yadi, juḍāya śravaṇa’
Translation: “I have heard this wonderful story and am therefore very inquisitive to hear Your explanation again. If You would kindly repeat it, I would be very pleased to hear.”
Jayapatākā Swami: So, Sanātana Gosvāmī he was eager to hear how the Lord gave so many interpretations to the one word.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.7
prabhura āpanāke aprākṛta bāula-abhidhāne dainyera āvaraṇe ātmagopana-ceṣṭā:
prabhu kahe,—“āmi vātula, āmāra vacane
sārvabhauma vātula tāhā satya kari’ māne
Translation: Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu replied, “I am one madman, and Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya is another. Therefore, he took My words to be the truth.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.8
kīrtanakārī prabhura upayukta śrotā sanātanake bahumānanapūrvaka pūrvakṛta 18 prakāra artha chāḍiyā nūtana vyākhyāna :—
kibā pralāpilāṅa, kichu nāhika smaraṇe
tomāra saṅga-bale yadi kichu haya mane
Translation: “I do not recall what I spoke in that connection, but if something comes to My mind due to association with you, I shall explain it.
Jayapatākā Swami: So, lets see how many interpretation Lord Caitanya gives now, He is saying that He cannot remember what He said previously, but if He is inspired He may speak something now.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.9
sahaje āmāra kichu artha nāhi bhāse
tomā-sabāra saṅga-bale ye kichu prakāśe
Translation: “Generally by Myself I cannot give an explanation, but by the strength of your association something may manifest itself.
Jayapatākā Swami: So, here Lord Caitanya is glorifying His devotee Sanātana Gosvāmī, He is saying that by the presence of His devotee He may be inspired to speak something.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.10
“ātmārāmāśca” śloke sarva-śuddha 11ṭī pada:—
ekādaśa pada ei śloke sunirmala
pṛthak nānā artha pade kare jhalamala
Translation: “There are eleven clear words in this verse, but when they are studied separately, various meanings glitter from each word.
Purport: by His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Srila Prabhupāda The eleven separate words are (1) ātmārāmāḥ, (2) ca, (3) munayaḥ, (4) nirgranthāḥ, (5) api, (6) urukrame, (7) kurvanti, (8) ahaitukīm, (9) bhaktim, (10) ittham-bhūta-guṇaḥ, and (11) hariḥ. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu will explain the different connotations and imports of these words.
Jayapatākā Swami: So, Lord Caitanya the Supreme Personality of Godhead as a devotee will explain what comes to His mind about these eleven words.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.11
(1) ‘ātmā’ śabdera 7ṭī paryyāya:—
‘ātmā’-śabde brahma, deha, mana, yatna, dhṛti
buddhi, svabhāva,—ei sāta artha-prāpti
Translation: “The seven different meanings of the word ‘ātmā’ are the Absolute Truth, the body, the mind, endeavor, firmness, intelligence and nature.
Jayapatākā Swami: We can see how each word lends itself to various interpretations.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.12
pramāṇa:—viśvaprakāśe—
“ātmā deha-mano-brahma-svabhāva-dhṛti-buddhiṣu, prayatne ca” iti
Translation: “The following are synonyms of the word “ātmā”: the body, mind, Absolute Truth, natural characteristics, firmness, intelligence and endeavor.’
Purport: This is a quotation from the Viśva-prakāśa dictionary.
Jayapatākā Swami: So, Lord Caitanya as Nimāi Paṇḍita, He would know all the meanings from the dictionary for each of the words, then He would give an interpretation on each meaning.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.13
‘ātmā’-śabdera artha laiyā ātmārāma saptavidha :—
ei sāte rame yei, sei ātmārāma-gaṇa
ātmārāma-gaṇera āge kariba gaṇana
Translation: “The word ‘ātmārāma’ refers to one who enjoys these seven items [the Absolute Truth, body, mind and so on]. Later, I shall enumerate the ātmārāmas.
So, Lord Caitanya by giving the meaning of ātma, so when we say ātmārāma, means Rāma, one who enjoys. So Rāma is the person who enjoys these different aspects.
Jayapatākā Swami: When we say ātmārāma, means Rāma, one who enjoys. Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.14
(2) ‘muni’-śabdera 7ṭī paryyāya:—
‘muni’-ādi śabdera artha śuna, sanātana
pṛthak pṛthak artha pāche kariba milana
Translation: “My dear Sanātana, first hear the meanings of the other words, beginning with the word ‘muni.’ I shall first explain their separate meanings, then combine them.
Jayapatākā Swami: See how Lord Caitanya mind works so methodically and He delivers the sublime meanings for each of these combinations.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.15
‘muni’-śabde manana-śīla, āra kahe maunī
tapasvī, vratī, yati, āra ṛṣi, muni
Translation: “The word ‘muni’ refers to one who is thoughtful, one who is grave or silent, an ascetic, one who keeps great vows, one in the renounced order and a saint. These are the different meanings of the word ‘muni.’
Jayapatākā Swami: Again Lord Caitanya, He has all the meanings of the different words and when you combine these words, you get many different understandings.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.16
(3) ‘nirgrantha’-śabdera artha :—
‘nirgrantha’-śabde kahe, avidyā-granthi-hīna
vidhi-niṣedha-veda-śāstra-jñānādi-vihīna
Translation: “The word ‘nirgrantha’ refers to one who is liberated from the material knots of ignorance. It also refers to one who is devoid of all regulative principles enjoined in the Vedic literature. It also refers to one who does not have knowledge.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.17
mūrkha, nīca, mleccha ādi śāstra-rikta-gaṇa
dhana-sañcayī—nirgrantha, āra ye nirdhana
Translation: “Nirgrantha’ also refers to one who is illiterate, lowborn, misbehaved, unregulated and devoid of respect for the Vedic literature. The word also refers to one who is a capitalist and to one who has no riches.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.18
‘ nir’ upasarga o ‘grantha’-śabdera paryyāya-pramāṇa :—viśvaprakāśe—
nir niścaye niṣ kramārthe
nir nirmāṇa-niṣedhayoḥ grantho dhane ’tha sandarbhe
varṇa-saṅgrathane ’pi ca
“The prefix “niḥ” may be used for a sense of ascertainment, gradation, construction or forbidding. The word “grantha” means “riches,” “thesis” and “composition.”’
Purport: by His Divine Grace Srila Prabhupāda This is another quotation from the Viśva-prakāśa dictionary.
Jayapatākā Swami: Lord Caitanya this is what He is speaking spintaneously and not referring to the dictionary.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.19
(4) ‘urukrama’ (uru+krama) śabdera artha :—
‘urukrama’-śabde kahe, baḍa yāṅra krama
‘krama’-śabde kahe ei pāda-vikṣepaṇa
Translation: “The word ‘urukrama’ refers to one whose krama [step] is great. The word ‘krama’ means ‘throwing the foot forward,’ that is, ‘stepping.’
Jayapatākā Swami: So, this is one of the literal names for the Lord, as Vāmanadeva He expanded Himself as Urukrama and in two steps He covered the whole universe.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.20
śakti, kampa, paripāṭī, yukti, śaktye ākramaṇa
caraṇa-cālane kāṅpāila tribhuvana
Translation: “Krama’ also means ‘power,’ ‘trembling,’ ‘a systematic method,’ ‘argument’ and ‘a forcible attack by stepping forward.’ Thus Vāmana caused the three worlds to tremble.
Purport (by His Divine Grace Srila Prabhupāda): Uru means “very great,” and krama means “step.” When Lord Vāmanadeva was offered three steps of land, He expanded His three steps by covering the entire universe. In this way the three worlds trembled, and therefore Śrī Vāmanadeva, the incarnation of Lord Viṣṇu, is referred to as Urukrama.
Jayapatākā Swami: So, the third step there was nowhere to place so He asked Bali Mahārāja where to place and Bali Mahārāja said, “on my head”.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.21
prākṛta sarva-śreṣṭha sūkṣmatama paramāṇu-gaṇakera pakṣeo vāmanavīrya aparimeya:—
Śrīmad-Bhāgavate (2.7.40)
viṣṇor nu vīrya-gaṇanāṁ katamo ’rhatīha
yaḥ pārthivāny api kavir vimame rajāṁsi
caskambha yaḥ sva-raṁhasāskhalatā tri-pṛṣṭhaṁ
yasmāt tri-sāmya-sadanād uru kampayānam
Translation: “Even if a learned man is able to count all the minute atoms in this material world, he still cannot count the potencies of Lord Viṣṇu. In the form of the Vāmana incarnation, Lord Viṣṇu, without hindrance, captured all the planets, extending from the root of the material world up to Satyaloka. Indeed, He caused every planetary system to tremble by the force of His steps.’
Purport: by His Divine Grace Srila Prabhupāda This is a quotation from Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (2.7.40).
In the Ṛg Veda mantras (1.2.154.1), it is said:
oṁ viṣṇor nu vīryāṇi kaṁ prāvocaṁyaḥ pārthivāni vimame rajāṁsi
yo 'skambhayad uttaraṁ sadhasthaṁ
vicakramāṇas tredhorugāyaḥ
Jayapatākā Swami: The meaning of this verse is practically identical to that of the verse from Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam quoted above.
So, Sanātana Gosvāmī is hearing these explanations from Lord Caitanya and He must be very ecstatic.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.22
svarūpa o māyā-śakti-vaibhava-dhāmatraye śakti vā vīryera vibhinna paricaya :—
vibhu-rūpe vyāpe, śaktye dhāraṇa-poṣaṇa
mādhurya-śaktye goloka, aiśvarye paravyoma
Translation: “Through His all-pervasive feature, the Supreme Personality of Godhead has expanded the entire creation. He is holding and maintaining this creation by His extraordinary potency. By His conjugal potency, He maintains the planetary system known as Goloka Vṛndāvana. Through His six opulences, He maintains many Vaikuṇṭha planets.
Purport: by His Divine Grace Srila Prabhupāda In His gigantic form, Lord Kṛṣṇa has covered the creation. He holds all the planetary systems and maintains them by His inconceivable potencies. Similarly, He is maintaining His personal abode, Goloka Vṛndāvana, through His conjugal love, and He is maintaining the spiritual world containing the Vaikuṇṭha planets by His opulences.
Jayapatākā Swami: So, the incalculable potency of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is explained here by Lord Caitanya.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.23
māyā-śaktye brahmāṇḍādi-paripāṭī-sṛjana
Translation: “The word ‘urukrama’ indicates the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who, by His external potency, has perfectly created innumerable universes.
The material world which is known as eka-pāda vibhūti is one fourth of the Lords energies by which He expands countless millions of universes.
Caitanya Caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 24.24
kramaśabdera paryyāya śabda :— viśvaprakāśe—
“kramaḥ śaktau paripāṭyāṁ kramaś cālana-kampayoḥ”
Translation: “These are the different meanings of the word “krama.” It is used in the sense of potency, systematic arrangement, step, moving or trembling.’
Purport: by His Divine Grace Srila Prabhupāda This is a quotation from the Viśva-prakāśa dictionary. The Supreme Personality of Godhead is all-pervasive. Not only does He carry the three worlds by His inconceivable energy, but He maintains them also. He is also maintaining His spiritual planet, Goloka Vṛndāvana, by His conjugal love, and He is maintaining the Vaikuṇṭhalokas by His opulences. He maintains the material universes through His external energy. The material universes are perfectly situated because they are created by the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Jayapatākā Swami: So, the materialists and material scientists, some of them think everything came by accident. But great thinkers like Einstein when they studied the material world and saw all the arrangements, he concluded that there must be an intelligence behind this. So, actually this whole material existence and the existence of the spiritual worlds which are beyond our ability to see or observe are all maintained by the unlimited potency of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Thus ends the chapter entitled, Explanation of (1) ātmārāma, (2) muni, (3) nirgrantha, and (4) urukrama
Under the section: The Sixty-One Explanations of the Ātmārāma Verse
Lecture Suggetions
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20211226 Nārāyaṇa Māsā Message to Disciples
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20211226 Explanation of the Word ‘ātmā’ (6. buddhi, and 7. svabhāva) in Ātmārāma
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20211225 Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.13.38
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20211225 Explanation of the Word ‘ātmā’ (3. mana, 4. yatna, and 5. dhṛti) in ātmārāma, Part 2
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20211224 Question and Answer Session
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20211224 Explanation of the Word ‘ātmā’ (3. mana, 4. yatna, and 5. dhṛti) in ātmārāma, Part 1
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20211223 Thirteen Types of Yogīs and Munis called as Śānta-bhaktas Render Transcendental Loving Service in the Neutral Stage
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20211222 Six Kinds of Ātmārāmas, Part 2
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20211221 Six Kinds of Ātmārāmas, Part 1
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20211220 Explanations of Words in the Ātmārāma Verse Enables One to Taste the Transcendental Qualities of Kṛṣṇa Part 2
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20211219 The World Gītā Day Address
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20211219 Explanations of Words in the Ātmārāma Verse Enables One to Taste the Transcendental Qualities of Kṛṣṇa Part 1
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20211218 Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.13.29
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20211218 Explanation of (9) hari, (10) ca, and (11) api
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20211217 Explanation of (5) kurvanti, (6) ahaitukī, (7) bhakti, and (8) ittham-bhūta-guṇa
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20211215 Phalaśruti - The Result of Hearing About the Instructions Given to Sanātana Gosvāmī by Lord Caitanya
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20211214 Four Services Given to Sanātana Gosvāmī by Lord Caitanya
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20211213 Qualities of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa
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20211212 The Gradations in the Intensity of Love in the Five Kinds of Mellows, Part 2
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20211211 Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.13.23
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20211211 The Gradations in the Intensity of Love in the Five Kinds of Mellows, Part 1
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20211210 Symptoms of Bhāva-bhakti
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20211209 Definition of Love of Kṛṣṇa
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20211208 Sādhana-Bhakti – 2. Rāgānugā-Bhakti, Sādhya-bhakti, Bhāva-bhakti and Phalaśruti– The Result of Hearing about Abhidheya Sādhana-bhakti Part 2
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20211207 Sādhana-Bhakti – 2. Rāgānugā-Bhakti, Sādhya-bhakti, Bhāva-bhakti and Phalaśruti– The Result of Hearing about Abhidheya Sādhana-bhakti Part 1
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20211206 Devotees Who Attained Perfection by Executing Only One of the Nine Processes of Devotional Service
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20211205 Sādhana-Bhakti – 1. Vaidhī-Bhakti, Sixty-Four Important Items of Devotional Service
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20211205 Zoom Address to Live to Give
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20211204 Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.13.16
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20211204 Vaiṣṇava Ācāra