20210814 Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya Accompanies Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu to Vṛndāvana, as His Personal Servant

The following is a Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya Book Compilation By His Holiness Jayapatākā Swami Mahārāja on 14th August 2021 in Śrīdhāma Māyāpur, India

mūkaṁ karoti vācālaṁ paṅguṁ laṅghayate girim
yat-kṛpā tam ahaṁ vande śrī-guruṁ dīna-tāraṇam
paramānandaṁ mādhavaṁ śrī caitanya iśvaram

Hariḥ oṁ tat sat!

Hare Kṛṣṇa! Dear Devotees! Today we will continue with the compilation of Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya Book todays chapter entitled as:

Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya Accompanies Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu to Vṛndāvana, as His Personal Servant Part 1 
Under the Section: The Lord Travels to Vṛndāvana

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.17

puruṣottame āsi’ prabhu āche mahāsukhe
kahaye locane e ānanda baḍa-loke

Jayapatākā Swami: After returning to Puruṣottama-kṣetra (Jagannātha Purī), Lord Caitanya resides in great happiness and Locana dāsa with joy says these pastimes of that great personality.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 1.237

dinakataka purīte avasthānānte vṛndāvana-yātrā:— 
dina kata tāhāṅ rahi’ calilā vṛndāvana
lukāñā calilā rātre, nā jāne kona jana

Translation: After remaining at Jagannātha Purī for a few days, the Lord secretly started for Vṛndāvana at night. He did this without anyone’s knowledge.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, the devotees have requested Him to stay for the four months of the rainy season, so when He left Vṛndāvana, and He didn’t tell anyone. He left in the night.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.1: When Mahāprabhu arrived in Nīlācala absorbed in the mood of the mādhurya-rasa of the rāsa-līlā, in the company of His beloved devotees headed by Svarūpa and Gadādhara, His heart overflooded with the mellows of Kṛṣṇa-saṅkīrtana, missing and out of spontaneous attraction for Rādhā-Govinda's lotus feet, He sang and danced, eager for the nectar of Śrī Nāma.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.2: Headed by Śrī Rāmānanda and Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya, the residents of Kṣetra missing approached Gaura Prabhu, overflowing with the devotional mellows which they had joyously drank the elixirean imbibed from Him, and as they joyously drank the elixirean vision of His lotus face they quenched the thirst of their eyes.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.3: Hearing and singing the auspicious saṅkīrtana of Śrī Hari-nāma, they helplessly drowned within an ocean of ānanda, and danced with Śrī Gaurāṅga Candra, the crest-jewel of all rasikas.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.4-5: The inhabitants of Gauḍa headed by Kāśīśvara Paṇita, Nityānanda Rāma and Mukunda, Vakreśvara Paṇita, Rāghava Paṇita and Vāsudeva Datta, Śaṅkara Paṇita, Haridāsa Ṭhākura, Gaurīdāsa Paṇita, the residents of Khaṇa headed by Śrī Raghunandana, and the residents of Kulīna-grāma were all experiencing the internal awakening of their ecstatic love for Kṛṣṇa through relishing the moods inspired by Śrī Gaurāṅga. Thus they continuously danced, sang, and ceaselessly bowed down jubilantly before the Lord.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, by Lord Caitanya’s presence everyone was engaged in saṅkīrtana (congregational chanting of the holy name) and they were filled with mellows of ecstasy with Love for Godhead.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.6: When the dancing ended, the infallible and self-inspired Mahāprabhu, the Personality of Godhead, feeling empathy with His devotees, said, “If your good selves would kindly show Me your mercy, I shall now depart for the enchanting and rarely-achieved land of Śrī Vṛndāvana.”

Jayapatākā Swami: So, Lord Caitanya was asking the devotees' permission again to go to Vṛndāvana.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.3

śaratkāle gamanecchu prabhura svarūpa rāyasaha mantraṇā:— 
śarat-kāla haila, prabhura calite haila mati
rāmānanda-svarūpa-saṅge nibhṛte yukati

Translation: When autumn arrived, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu decided to go to Vṛndāvana. In a solitary place, He consulted with Rāmānanda Rāya and Svarūpa Dāmodara Gosvāmī.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, in other words four months of rainy season had ended and now it iwas the autumn season, so Lord Caitanya wanted to go to Vṛndāvana at this time

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.4

“mora sahāya kara yadi, tumi-dui jana
tabe āmi yāñā dekhi śrī-vṛndāvana

Translation: The Lord requested Rāmānanda Rāya and Svarūpa Dāmodara Gosvāmī to help Him go to Vṛndāvana.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.5

dvitīya-saṅgī nā laiyāi gamanecchā:— 
rātrye uṭhi’ vana-pathe palāñā yāba
ekākī yāiba, kāhoṅ saṅge nā la-iba

Translation: Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu said, “I shall leave early in the morning and go incognito, taking the road through the forest. I shall go alone — I shall not take anyone with Me.

Jayapatākā Swami: Actually, how the Lord could go incognito is the question, wherever Lord Caitanya goes He is very visible. But anyway He wants to go secretly as far as possible.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.6

keha yadi saṅga la-ite pāche uṭhi’ dhāya
sabāre rākhibā, yena keha nāhi yāya

Translation: “If someone wants to follow Me, please stop him. I don’t want anyone to go with Me.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.7

bhaktera nikaṭa bhagavānera tat-prasāda-yācñā:— 
prasanna hañā ājñā dibā, nā mānibā ‘duḥkha’
tomā-sabāra ‘sukhe’ pathe habe mora ‘sukha’”

Translation: “Please give Me your permission with great pleasure and do not be unhappy. If you are happy, I shall be happy on My way to Vṛndāvana.”

Jayapatākā Swami: So, He wanted the support from His intimate associates.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.4-7: Although still absorbed in drinking the ambrosia of Gaurāṅga's lotus face, they felt simultaneously intense sorrow of separation and collapsed at His lotus feet weeping. Then, taking straw between their teeth, they said:

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.4-8: “He Prabhu! Undoubtedly You are the supreme master Vṛndāvana Candra Kṛṣṇa, Nevertheless, having adopted the mood of servant of the servant, You always request our permission about everything. Accordingly, O son of Nanda, our request is that You kindly remain in our presence.”

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.8

svarūpa o rāyera prabhuke nivedana:— 
dui-jana kahe,—'tumi īśvara ‘svatantra’
yei icchā, sei karibā, naha ‘paratantra’

Translation: Upon hearing this, Rāmānanda Rāya and Svarūpa Dāmodara Gosvāmī replied, “Dear Lord, You are completely independent. Since You are not dependent on anyone, You will do whatever You desire.”

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.9

bhaktera sukhei bhagavat-prīti:— 
kintu āmā-duṅhāra śuna eka nivedane
‘tomāra sukhe āmāra sukha’—kahilā āpane

Translation: “Dear Lord, kindly hear our one petition. You have already said that You will derive happiness from our happiness. This is Your own statement.”

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.10

bhagavat-prītitei bhaktasukha:— 
āmā-duṅhāra mane tabe baḍa ‘sukha’ haya
eka nivedana yadi dhara, dayāmaya

Translation: “If You will please accept just one request, we shall be very, very happy.”

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.11

ekajana vaiṣṇava-viprake saṅge laite prārthanā:— 
‘uttama brāhmaṇa’ eka saṅge avaśya cāhi
bhikṣā kari’ bhikṣā dibe, yābe pātra vahi’

Translation: “Our Lord, please take one very nice brāhmaṇa with You. He will collect alms for You, cook for You, give You prasāda and carry Your waterpot while traveling.”

Jayapatākā Swami: So, Lord Caitanya needs at least one brāhmaṇa assistant to do all His personal service and free Lord Caitanya to traverse and chanting. So, they were requesting to take someone with Him.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.12

vana-pathe yāite nāhi ’bhojyānna’-brāhmaṇa
ājñā kara,—saṅge caluka vipra eka-jana’

Translation: “When You go through the jungle, there will be no brāhmaṇa available from whom You can accept lunch. Therefore please give permission for at least one pure brāhmaṇa to accompany You.”

Jayapatākā Swami: So, you see a sannyāsī should not touch fire, ideally, he would take his lunch in a brāhmaṇa’s house. But in jungle there is no house, no brāhmaṇas, so how will He eat? That’s why they are suggesting for Him to take a brāhmaṇa with Him, they are proposing.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.13

prabhura nija kāhākeo saṅge laite anicchā, manomata saṅgīra lakṣaṇa-nirddeśa:— 
prabhu kahe,—nija-saṅgī kāṅho nā la-iba
eka-jane nile, ānera mane duḥkha ha-iba

Translation: Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu said, “I shall not take any of My associates with Me, because if I choose someone, all the others will be unhappy.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, Lord Caitanya is so considerate of all the feelings of His associates.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.14

nūtana saṅgī ha-ibeka,—snigdha yāṅra mana
aiche yabe pāi, tabe la-i ’eka’ jana

Translation: “Such a person must be a new man, and he must have a peaceful mind. If I can obtain such a man, I shall agree to take him with Me.”

Purport: Formerly, when Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu went to South India, a brāhmaṇa named Kālā Kṛṣṇadāsa went with Him. Kālā Kṛṣṇadāsa fell victim to a woman, and Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu had to take the trouble to free him from the clutches of the gypsies. Therefore the Lord here says that He wants a new man who is peaceful in mind. One whose mind is not peaceful is agitated by certain drives, especially sex desire, even though he be in the company of Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Such a man will become a victim of women and will fall down even in the company of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Māyā is so strong that unless one is determined not to fall victim, even the Supreme Personality of Godhead cannot give protection. The Supreme Lord and His representative always want to give protection, but a person must take advantage of their personal contact. If one thinks that the Supreme Personality of Godhead or His representative is an ordinary man, he will certainly fall down. Thus Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu did not want a person like Kālā Kṛṣṇadāsa to accompany Him. He wanted someone who was determined, who had a peaceful mind, and who was not agitated by ulterior motives.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, He wanted a new man, that if He take a old associate the others would feel bad. A new man would not be a problem, so why He wanted a peaceful person is explained above.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.15

svarūpera balabhadra bhaṭṭa o tāṅhāra janaika saṅgī o bhṛtya-viprake nirvācana o saṅge laite prārthanā:— 
svarūpa kahe,—ei balabhadra-bhaṭṭācārya
tomāte su-snigdha baḍa, paṇḍita, sādhu, ārya

Translation: Svarūpa Dāmodara then said, “Here is Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya, who has great love for You. He is an honest, learned scholar, and he is advanced in spiritual consciousness.

Purport: Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu wanted a new man, not a person like Kālā Kṛṣṇadāsa who would fall for women. Svarūpa Dāmodara therefore immediately pointed out a new brāhmaṇa named Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya. Śrī Svarūpa Dāmodara Gosvāmī had studied this person very thoroughly and had seen that he had great love for Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Not only did he love the Lord, but he was also learned and honest. He was not duplicitous, and he was advanced in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. According to a Bengali proverb, ati bhakti corera lakṣaṇa: “Too much devotion is a symptom of a thief.” A person who assumes himself to be a great devotee but mentally is thinking of something else is duplicitous. One who is not duplicitous is called sādhu. Svarūpa Dāmodara immediately pointed out that Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya was quite fit to accompany the Lord because he was a learned scholar and was simple and had great love for Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya Mahāprabhu. He was also advanced in Kṛṣṇa consciousness; therefore he was considered appropriate for accompanying the Lord as a personal servant.

The words snigdha (“very peaceful”) and su-snigdha (“affectionate”) are used in verses fourteen and fifteen respectively, and they are also found in Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (1.1.8): brūyuḥ snigdhasya śiṣyasya guravo guhyam apy uta. “A disciple who has actual love for his spiritual master is endowed, by the blessings of the spiritual master, with all confidential knowledge.” Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī has commented that the word snigdhasya means prema-vataḥ. The word prema-vataḥ indicates that one has great love for his spiritual master.

Jayapatākā Swami: Śrīla Prabhupāda ki jai! So, Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya has all these good qualities therefore He was recommended by Svarūpa Dāmodara to accompany the Lord.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.16

prabhusaṅge karmabuddhipravala sarala viprake ātma śodhana-suyoga-pradāna:— 
prathamei tomā-saṅge āilā gauḍa haite
iṅhāra icchā āche ’sarva-tīrtha’ karite

Translation: “In the beginning, he came with You from Bengal. It is his desire to visit and see all the holy places of pilgrimage.”

Jayapatākā Swami: So, this is the good reason for him to go with the Lord to Vṛndāvana.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.17

balabhadra o tatsaṅgī viprera kṛtya nirddeśa 
iṅhāra saṅge āche vipra eka ‘bhṛtya’
iṅho pathe karibena sevā-bhikṣā-kṛtya

Translation: “In addition, You may take another brāhmaṇa who will act as a servant en route and make arrangements for Your food.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, Svarūpa Dāmodara prabhu is trying to get Lord Caitanya to take two.

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.18

iṅhāre saṅge laha yadi, sabāra haya ‘sukha’
vana-pathe yāite tomāra nahibe kona ‘duḥkha’

Translation: “If You can also take him with You, we will be very happy. If two people go with You through the jungle, there will certainly be no difficulty or inconvenience.”

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.19

sei vipra vahi’ nibe vastrāmbu-bhājana
bhaṭṭācārya bhikṣā dibe kari’ bhikṣāṭana

Translation: “The other brāhmaṇa can carry Your cloth and waterpot, and Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya will collect alms and cook for You.”

Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 17.20

prabhura svīkāra:— 
tāṅhāra vacana prabhu aṅgīkāra kaila
balabhadra-bhaṭṭācārye saṅge kari’ nila

Translation: Thus Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu accepted the request of Svarūpa Dāmodara Paṇḍita and agreed to take Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya with Him.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, ultimately Lord Caitanya agreed to take one assistant.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.9: Hearing this, the Lord laughed and replied, "Without doubt I forever dwell in the presence of you great souls." At that, He at once attempted to leave.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.10: Kṛṣṇa Caitanya warmly embraced His weeping bhaktas, and comforted them, saying again and gain, “I shall return soon.” Then He departed for Śrī Śrī Rādhā Kṛṣṇa’s resplendent abode, Śrī Vṛndāvana.

Murāri Gupta Kaḍaca 4.1.11: Feeling immense longing for Śrī Kṛṣṇa, Lord Gaura Hari ran swiftly appearing like a maddened lion. Lord Sri Mahāprabhu’s companions, Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya and the other brāhmaṇa also followed running after Him.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, this verse in Murāri Gupta Kaḍacā, it says that He took two brāhmaṇas.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.18

varāḍi rāga-dhūlā-khelā-jāta
ekhāne kahiba kathā, śuna gaurā guṇagāthā,
trijagate ati anupama
manaḥ-kathāya bāndhi āli, mukutā-prabāla ḍhāli,
sannyāsī nṛsiṁhānanda nāma

Jayapatākā Swami: Listen to the wonderful transcendental pastimes of Lord Gaurahari which are unparalleled in the three worlds. One day the sannyāsī Nṛsiṁhānanda meditated about an elevated road made of coral and pearls.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.19-20

suvarṇa-maṇi-māṇike, divyaratna cāridige,
mane mane bāndhila jāṅgāla
mathurā-paryanta diyā, kṛṣṇe samarpiva ihā,
henakāle pratyāsanna kāla

nā haila jāṅgāla sāya, duḥkha rahila hiyāya,
mane mane kare anutāpa
(kānāira) nāṭśālā paryanta, haila jāṅgāla anta,
sannyāsīra vaikuṇṭha haila lābha

Jayapatākā Swami: With gold, jewels and various precious gems. As an offering to Lord Krishna (Caitanya), he was conceiving of a road extending all the way to Mathurā. He almost reached the construction of the elevated road almost near Mathurā, but the road was not constructed

And so Nṛasiṁhānanda felt sorry because he had only completed the road as far as Kānāi-Nāṭaśālā. The sannyāsī Nṛsiṁhānanda attained Vaikuṇṭha.

Jayapatākā Swami: So, this verse should be in the previous līlā, where He went to Kānāi Nāṭaśālā and then returned to Śāntipura and Nīlācala and then He went through the jungle path to Vṛndāvana. (Comment: I don’t know why this is put here)

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.21

e kathā āchila cite, cale prabhu ācambite,
nā jāni kothāre cali’ yāya
krame krame cali’ yāite, kānāira nāṭśālā haite
punaḥ leuṭilā gaurārāya

Jayapatākā Swami: Aware of this road, Lord Caitanya suddenly changed course and moved along that pathway. None of His associates knew where Lord Gaurāṅga was going. Soon Gaura reached Kānāi Naṭaśālā and returned to His original path.

So, Caitanya-maṅgala is saying how Lord Caitanya from Rāmakeli went to Kānāi Nāṭaśālā but then He came back, Nṛsiṁhānanda could not complete the road beyond Kānāi Nāṭaśāla.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.22

e kathā bekata nahe, paramānanda-purī kahe,
kaha prabhu ihāra kāraṇa
ādyopānta yata kathā, tāhāre kahila kathā,
manaḥ-kathā siddhira kāraṇa

Jayapatākā Swami: Lord Caitanya's mysterious movements caused Paramānanda Purī to inquire about them. Explaining everything from the beginning to end, Lord Caitanya said about the attainment of perfection by Nṛsiṁhānanda brahmacārī.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.23

puruṣottama-ādi anta, mathurāpurī paryanta,
svarṇa-maṇi-māṇikye diva āli
sannyāsīra emana hiyā, e mora jāṅgāla diyā,
cali’ yābe gaurā vanamālī

Jayapatākā Swami: “Nṛsiṁhānanda brahmacārī created a lavishly decorated, elevated road within his mind to facilitate My journey from Puruṣottama-kṣetra to Mathurā. To fulfill his devotional desire, We traveled on this raised road.”

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.24

śuna śuna savajana, sāvadhāne diyā mana,
śrī-gaurācāṅdera parakāśa
manaḥ-kathā nṛsiṁhānanda, siddha kaila gaura-candra,
guṇa gāya e locana-dāsa

Jayapatākā Swami: Listen, Listen, everyone with one pointed attention about Locana Dāsa relates about the blissful inconceivable pastimes of Śrī Gaurāṅga Mahāprabhu who fulfilled the desire of Nṛsiṁhānanda brahmacārī.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.25

gaurācāṅda nā re haya, biharai nīlācala mājhe 
tabe nīlācale prabhu bhaktagaṇa-saṅge.
kīrtana-vilāsa kare āche nānā-raṅge

Jayapatākā Swami: In Nīlācala, Lord Caitanya and His followers tasted the ecstasy of Hari-nāma saṅkīrtana (the congregational chanting of the holy name) day after day.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.26

aneka bhakatagaṇa miliyā tathāya
prema-vilasaye prabhu nācaye nācāya

Jayapatākā Swami: Many devotees came there and met Lord Caitnya who enjoying the love of Kṛṣṇa danced and made everyone to dance.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.27

nānādeśe āchila yateka bhaktagaṇe
krame krame mililena caitanya-caraṇe

Jayapatākā Swami: Gradually, devotees from different countries came and met the lotus feet of Lord Gaurāṅga.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.28

ānande āchaye prabhu nīlācala-vāse
kahiba sakala pāchu aneka prakāśe

Jayapatākā Swami: Thus while Lord Caitanya is happily staying in Nīlācala, (Jagannatha Puri), I will narrate the pastimes that the Lord manifested after this.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.29

mathurā caliba-manaḥ-kathā ācambita
utkaṇṭhā bāḍhila hiyā—unamata-cita

Jayapatākā Swami: All of a sudden, the desire of Lord Caitanya to visit Mathurā eagerly grew to the point of madness.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.30

calilā mathurā pathe caitanya ṭhākura
pathe yāite premānanda bāḍhila pracura

Jayapatākā Swami: Lord Caitanya began the journey towards Mathurā and on the way His ecstasy greatly intensified.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.31

anurāge dhāya prabhu-rāṅgā dui āṅkhi
siṁhera gamane dhāya-dekhite nā dekhi

Jayapatākā Swami: With his two eyes of great attachment, Lord Caitanya started running like a lion.

So, Lord Caitanya was going through the path through the jungle of Jhārikhaṇḍa so that He would avoid the crowds of people.

Caitanya Maṅgala, Śeṣa-khaṇḍa 2.32

saṅgera saṅgatigaṇa nā pāre hāṅṭite
katho dūre yāya prabhu ḍākite ḍākite

Jayapatākā Swami: Lord Caitanya’s associates couldn't keep pace and Lord was calling out (to them) after reaching some distance. Lord Caitanya’s associates couldn't keep pace and Lord Caitanya was calling out (to them) after reaching some distance. So, we find that according to Caitanya-caritāmṛta, the Lord left at night, He took Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya as His assistant and then went through the forest path of Jhārikhaṇḍa.

Thus ends the chapter entitled, Balabhadra Bhaṭṭācārya Accompanies Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu to Vṛndāvana, as His Personal Servant. 
Under The Section: The Lord Travels to Vṛndāvana

Jayapatākā Swami: So, different authorities wrote different perspectives of the pastimes, but we understand that the Caitanya-caritāmṛta is the most authoritative. Any way Lord Caitanya went back from Kānāi Nāṭaśālā and reached Nīlācala at the beginning of the rainy season and left after the rainy season in the autumn.